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We performed a total of about 100 simulations, estimating energy use for the six test case residences modeled with the current windows and with each of five replacement options. Thirty McLean Gardens residents responded to our request for a waiver to access utility records, and we checked our simulation results for the existing-windows case against these bills, tweaking some of our assumptions as a result. We also did some basic sensitivity runs wood and replacement to evaluate the effect of orientation and shading.The storm results brought windows some wood surprises (see Figure 3 for typical replacement results storm and windows for one apartment type). wood The first is the large projected heating savings for the storms-only replacement, an option with replacement a far lower cost than full window replacement. This results from the combined effects of reduced storm infiltration and the estimated reduction windows in wood U-value replacement attributable to a tighter system. The cooling results brought another surprise storm in projecting windows only tiny energy savings for the storm windows or non-low-e replacement windows. This occurs because reduced conduction wood and reduced replacement air leakage, according to the simulation and weather file used, don''t save energy during the cooling season. That is, energy gained by conduction and leakage during hot days is balanced by energy removed during storm cool evenings in the Washington, D.C., climate. Note the implicit assumption that residents keep their windows windows closed and air conditioners operating wood even on cool evenings. replacement We didn''t have any quantitative basis for altering this assumption. The window replacement options with low-e glass, on the other hand, show significant storm projected cooling savings, largely as a result of reduced solar Calculated windows as energy savings/[ft.sup.2] of window sash area, typical savings for the highest-performance window option are about 0.50 MMBtu/[ft.sup.2] per year in heating and 0.45 MMBtu/[ft.sup.2] per year in cooling.
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